? IS IT PFO OR SMALL ASD differentiating a small atrial septal defect (ASD) from a patent foramen ovale (PFO) on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with left-to-right shunting can be tricky, because both may appear as a small color Doppler jet across the interatrial septum. The key is to look at anatomic features, shunt characteristics, and associated findings: 1--Anatomic/Structural Clues PFO Flap-like tunnel between septum primum and septum secundum. Often not a true tissue defect, but a sli

🫀It's Congenital Heart Defect Awareness Week!🫀 This video focuses on Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), where a hole in the atrial septum allows blood to shunt between the atria, leading to right heart overload, arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, and increased stroke risk if left untreated. One minimally invasive treatment option is the Helex Septal Occluder, a self-expanding device designed to close the defect percutaneously, reducing complications and eliminating the need for open-heart surgery i