The nominal group technique (NGT) is a structured, face-to-face group process for generating and prioritising ideas in a single session. Participants are physically together but work silently for the ...

Snowball sampling (also called chain-referral sampling) is a non-probability sampling method in which existing study participants recruit future participants from among their own acquaintances. A ...

A Medicare Coverage Analysis (MCA) is the billing-compliance review every clinical trial with billable patient-care items must complete before it opens to enrollment. It goes through a study protocol ...

A lab water bath is a container of water held at a set temperature, used to warm, thaw, or incubate samples and reagents more gently and evenly than a hot plate or dry heat block can. It is one of the ...

A sentinel mouse is not part of a study — it is a diagnostic instrument. Sentinel animals are placed into a rodent colony specifically so they can be tested on a fixed schedule for pathogens that ...

RAMESES publication standards: realist syntheses — 19 standards covering how to report a realist review (a secondary-research synthesis of existing literature), addressing the study’s rationale, its ...

The 340B Drug Pricing Program, codified at 42 U.S.C. § 256b and administered by the Health Resources and Services Administration’s (HRSA) Office of Pharmacy Affairs (OPA), requires drug manufacturers ...

IRB review is rarely free, but who pays and how much depends entirely on the study’s context. A faculty investigator running a minimal-risk survey through their own university’s IRB typically never ...

Medical equipment depreciation life is the number of years an institution uses to spread a piece of purchased equipment’s capitalized cost across its expected service period. It is the input number a ...

The law of large numbers is the reason a bigger sample gives you a more trustworthy estimate. It doesn’t say a large sample guarantees a correct answer, and it doesn’t say a coin “owes” you tails ...

The Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) is a bedside aggregate scoring tool that turns five routinely recorded vital signs — systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and ...

iEdison is the federal government’s shared system for a compliance obligation that catches a lot of research administrators off guard: under the Bayh-Dole Act, a university, nonprofit, or small ...