The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) remains a cornerstone of cardiovascular and renal physiology, orchestrating vital aspects of blood pressure regulation and fluid-electrolyte balance. At the heart of ...

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), or renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) is a regulator of blood pressure and cardiovascular function. Dysregulated RAAS is implicated in high blood pressure, ...

Initial evidence of the existence of renin, which is an angiotensinogenase enzyme secreted by the kidney, was presented to the medical community more than 100 years ago. Nevertheless, the significance ...

Angiotensin-converting–enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers are used commonly in clinical practice to treat hypertension and decrease cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.